Structure in C Programming Language

Structure in C Programming Language

In this tutorial, We will learn structure in C programming language.

Introduction

In C programming language, A structure is another user-defined data type available that allows a programmer to combine data items of a different type.

Declare Structure in C

To define a structure, you must use the struct statement. The struct statement defines a new data type, with more than one member

 struct [structure tag] {  
   member definition;  
   member definition;  
   ...  
   member definition;  
 } [one or more structure variables];   

 struct Books {  
   char title[50];  
   char author[50];  
   char subject[100];  
   int  book_id;  
 } book;   

Access Structure in C

To access any member of a structure, we use the member access operator (.). The member access operator is coded as a period between the structure variable name and the structure member that we wish to access.

 struct Books Book1;    /* Declare Book1 of type Book */  
 Book1.book_id = 6495407;  

Example 

 #include <stdio.h>  
 #include <string.h>  
 struct Books {  
   char title[50];  
   char author[50];  
   char subject[100];  
   int  book_id;  
 };  
 int main( ) {  
   struct Books Book1;    /* Declare Book1 of type Book */  
   struct Books Book2;    /* Declare Book2 of type Book */  
   /* book 1 specification */  
   strcpy( Book1.title, "C Programming");  
   strcpy( Book1.author, "Nuha Ali");   
   strcpy( Book1.subject, "C Programming Tutorial");  
   Book1.book_id = 6495407;  
   /* book 2 specification */  
   strcpy( Book2.title, "Telecom Billing");  
   strcpy( Book2.author, "Zara Ali");  
   strcpy( Book2.subject, "Telecom Billing Tutorial");  
   Book2.book_id = 6495700;  
   /* print Book1 info */  
   printf( "Book 1 title : %s\n", Book1.title);  
   printf( "Book 1 author : %s\n", Book1.author);  
   printf( "Book 1 subject : %s\n", Book1.subject);  
   printf( "Book 1 book_id : %d\n", Book1.book_id);  
   /* print Book2 info */  
   printf( "Book 2 title : %s\n", Book2.title);  
   printf( "Book 2 author : %s\n", Book2.author);  
   printf( "Book 2 subject : %s\n", Book2.subject);  
   printf( "Book 2 book_id : %d\n", Book2.book_id);  
   return 0;  
 }  

Please write comments if you find anything incorrect, or you want to share more information about the topic discussed above.